ΠΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠ²Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅
Π’ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΠ΅Π»Π»-ΠΠ°Π½Π½ ΠΈ Π¦Π²Π΅ΠΉΠ³ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠ»Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈ Π² Π°ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ . Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ°, Π° Π±Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ — ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ². ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 1. ΠΠ₯Π Π² Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ
- 2. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ₯Π Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅
- 3. ΠΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅
- 4. Π£Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°
- 5. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ
- 6. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅
- 7. Π€Π΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅
- 8. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 1. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ SU (2) Π³Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π’ > 0 Ρ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ»Π°ΠΏ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΎΠΉΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠ°
- 1. 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 1. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
- 1. 3. Π’ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ -ΡΠΏ (Π’)
- 1. 4. Π‘ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ
- 1. 5. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°
- 1. 6. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π’=
- 1. 7. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 2. ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΠΈΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° Π² SU (2) Π³Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠ΅
- 2. 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 2. 2. ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°
- 2. 3. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
- 2. 4. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- 2. 5. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 3. Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π² SU (2) ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌ Π°Π±Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅
- 3. 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 3. 2. Π’Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
- 3. 3. ΠΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΡ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π’ ~
- 3. 4. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄
- 3. 5. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 4. Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° Π² SU (2) Π³Π»ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ΅
- 4. 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 4. 2. Π§ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
- 4. 3. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
- 4. 4. ΠΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ: ΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
- 4. 5. ΠΠΠ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Ρ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 4. 6. Π€Π»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ°
- 4. 7. ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 4. 8. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 5. ΠΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠ½Ρ Π² ΠΠ₯Π Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅
- 5. 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 5. 2. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ
- 5. 3. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
- 5. 4. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
- ΠΠ»Π°Π²Π° 6. Π ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ
- 6. 1. ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 6. 2. ΠΠΠ — ΠΠΠ¨ ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΠΈΠ½Π·Π±ΡΡΠ³Π°-ΠΠ΅Π²Π°Π½ΡΠΊΠ°
- 6. 3. Π€ΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π» ΠΠΈΠ½Π·Π±ΡΡΠ³Π°-ΠΠ°Π½Π΄Π°Ρ
- 6. 4. Π€Π»ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌ
- 6. 5. ΠΠ½Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ
- 6. 6. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ
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